During the next week, the Turtle made several more attempts to sink British ships on the Hudson River, but each time it failed, owing to the operator’s lack of skill. He retreated, and the bomb exploded nearby, causing no harm to either the Eagle or the Turtle. Lee had almost secured the bomb when his boring tools failed to penetrate a layer of iron sheathing. As Lee worked to anchor a time bomb to the hull, he could see British seamen on the deck above, but they failed to notice the strange craft below the surface. Donated to the Patriot cause after the outbreak of war with Britain in 1775, Ezra Lee piloted the craft unnoticed out to the 64-gun HMS Eagle in New York Harbor on September 7, 1776. Large enough to accommodate one operator, the submarine was entirely hand-powered. Deciding that a submarine would be the best means of delivering his mines in warfare, he built an eight-foot-long wooden submersible that was christened the Turtle for its shape. David Bushnell, an American inventor, began building underwater mines while a student at Yale University. Submarines were first built by Dutch inventor Cornelius van Drebel in the early 17th century, but it was 150 years later before they were first used in naval combat. It was the first use of a submarine in warfare. It was named after a town of the same name in Lincolnshire, England.ġ776 – During the Revolutionary War, the American submersible craft Turtle attempts to attach a time bomb to the hull of British Admiral Richard Howe’s flagship Eagle in New York Harbor. U.S.1630 – The Massachusetts town of Trimontaine (Shawmut), was renamed Boston, and became the state capital. Meritorious Service Medal with three oak leaf clusters Air Force, the Pentagon, Washington, D.C. October 1999 - present, mobilization assistant to the Deputy Judge Advocate General of the U.S. April 1997 - September 1999, mobilization assistant to the Staff Judge Advocate, Headquarters Air Combat Command, Langley AFB, Va.ġ0. October 1995 - April 1997, mobilization assistant to the Staff Judge Advocate, Headquarters Air Force Materiel Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohioĩ. April 1993 - October 1995, senior individual mobilization augmentee to the Staff Judge Advocate, Headquarters Air Education and Training Command, Randolph AFB, TexasĨ. May 1992 - April 1993, senior individual mobilization augmentee to the Staff Judge Advocate, Headquarters Air Force Space Command, Peterson AFB, Colo.ħ. September 1990 - May 1992, senior individual mobilization augmentee to the Staff Judge Advocate, Headquarters 8th Air Force, Strategic Air Command, Barksdale AFB, La.Ħ. March 1989 - September 1990, senior individual mobilization augmentee to the Staff Judge Advocate, Headquarters Special Operations Command, Hurlburt Field, Fla.ĥ. January 1985 - March 1989, Reserve coordinator and special projects officer, Office of the Staff Judge Advocate, Headquarters Tactical Air Command, Langley AFB, Va.Ĥ. October 1972 - January 1985, Reserve coordinator, Office of the Staff Judge Advocate, 27th Tactical Fighter Wing, Cannon AFB, N.M.ģ. October 1968 - October 1972, assistant staff judge advocate, Office of the Staff Judge Advocate, 27th Tactical Fighter Wing, Cannon AFB, N.M.Ģ. While on active duty, he was designated and served as a certified trial counsel, defense counsel and special court-martial judge in more than 100 courts-martial.ġ965 Bachelor of Arts degree in history and government, University of Oklahomaġ968 Juris Doctor degree, University of Oklahoma College of Lawġ981 Master of Law degree in taxation degree, Southern Methodist University School of Lawġ984 Air Command and Staff College, Maxwell Air Force Base, Ala.ġ. He served on active duty as a judge advocate from 1968 until 1972when he entered the active Reserve. General Tatum received his commission through the Reserve Officer Training Corps in 1968. In addition to overseeing a vast array of military justice, international and operational law, and civil law functions, including litigation affecting Air Force interests, the general provides legal advice to the Air Staff and commanders at all levels. He assists the Judge Advocate General in managing 1,330 judge advocates, 250 civilian attorneys, 894 enlisted paralegals and 720 other civilian employees assigned worldwide. Tatum is the mobilization assistant to the Deputy Judge Advocate General of the U.S.
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